Evaluation of failure mechanism in lap splices and role of stirrup confinement using 3D RBSM

The bond behavior and failure mechanisms of lap splices with multiple deformed rebars were evaluated using a Three-Dimensional Rigid Body Spring Model (3D RBSM) beam element. Previous studies have shown the applicability method in simulating single rebar. In this study, we validated numerical simulation stress-slip unconfined confined various parameters. Then, splices, investigated simulated detail internal crack development considering strut propagation between individual rebar around rebars, phenomena that cannot be observed test. It was found at section, cracks interlink propagate an incline relative to side surfaces, causing significant concrete stress loss splice span. As result, mechanism roles geometric material characteristics stirrups improving performance splices.